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PHP - Manual: MongoCollection::find

2024-11-14

MongoCollection::find

(PECL mongo >=0.9.0)

MongoCollection::find查询该集合,并返回结果集的 MongoCursor

说明

public MongoCollection::find ([ array $query = array() [, array $fields = array() ]] ) : MongoCursor

参数

query

要搜索的字段。 MongoDB 的查询语言十分宽泛。 PHP 驱动在几乎所有的情况下会把查询直接传入服务器,所以阅读 MongoDB 关于 » find 的核心文档是个不错的主意。

Warning

请确保所有指定的查询操作符(以 $ 开头)是用单引号的,这样 PHP 才不会尝试用 $exists 变量的值来替换 "$exists" 命令。

fields

返回结果的字段。Array 的格式是 array('fieldname' => true, 'fieldname2' => true)_id 字段总会返回。

返回值

返回搜索结果的游标。

范例

Example #1 MongoCollection::find() 例子

该例子演示了基本的搜索选项。

<?php

$m 
= new MongoClient();
$db $m->selectDB('test');
$collection = new MongoCollection($db'produce');

// 搜索水果
$fruitQuery = array('Type' => 'Fruit');

$cursor $collection->find($fruitQuery);
foreach (
$cursor as $doc) {
    
var_dump($doc);
}

// 搜索甜的产品 Taste is a child of Details. 
$sweetQuery = array('Details.Taste' => 'Sweet');
echo 
"Sweet\n";
$cursor $collection->find($sweetQuery);
foreach (
$cursor as $doc) {
    
var_dump($doc);
}

?>

以上例程会输出:

array(4) {
  ["_id"]=>
  object(MongoId)#7 (1) {
    ["$id"]=>
    string(24) "50a87dd084f045a19b220dd6"
  }
  ["Name"]=>
  string(5) "Apple"
  ["Type"]=>
  string(5) "Fruit"
  ["Details"]=>
  array(2) {
    ["Taste"]=>
    string(5) "Sweet"
    ["Colour"]=>
    string(3) "Red"
  }
}
array(4) {
  ["_id"]=>
  object(MongoId)#8 (1) {
    ["$id"]=>
    string(24) "50a87de084f045a19b220dd7"
  }
  ["Name"]=>
  string(5) "Lemon"
  ["Type"]=>
  string(5) "Fruit"
  ["Details"]=>
  array(2) {
    ["Taste"]=>
    string(4) "Sour"
    ["Colour"]=>
    string(5) "Green"
  }
}

Sweet:
array(4) {
  ["_id"]=>
  object(MongoId)#7 (1) {
    ["$id"]=>
    string(24) "50a87dd084f045a19b220dd6"
  }
  ["Name"]=>
  string(5) "Apple"
  ["Type"]=>
  string(5) "Fruit"
  ["Details"]=>
  array(2) {
    ["Taste"]=>
    string(5) "Sweet"
    ["Colour"]=>
    string(3) "Red"
  }
}

更多关于游标如何使用的信息,参见 MongoCursor

Example #2 MongoCollection::find() 例子

这个例子演示了如何搜索一个范围。

<?php

$m 
= new MongoClient();
$db $m->selectDB('test');
$collection = new MongoCollection($db'phpmanual');

// search for documents where 5 < x < 20
$rangeQuery = array('x' => array( '$gt' => 5'$lt' => 20 ));

$cursor $collection->find($rangeQuery);
foreach (
$cursor as $doc) {
    
var_dump($doc);
}

?>

以上例程会输出:

array(2) {
  ["_id"]=>
  object(MongoId)#10 (1) {
    ["$id"]=>
    string(24) "4ebc3e3710b89f2349000000"
  }
  ["x"]=>
  int(12)
}
array(2) {
  ["_id"]=>
  object(MongoId)#11 (1) {
    ["$id"]=>
    string(24) "4ebc3e3710b89f2349000001"
  }
  ["x"]=>
  int(12)
}

更多关于游标如何使用的信息,参见 MongoCursor

Example #3 使用 $where 的 MongoCollection::find() 例子

这个例子演示了如何搜索一个集合,并用 javascript 代码来筛选结果集。

<?php

$m 
= new MongoClient();
$db $m->selectDB('test');
$collection = new MongoCollection($db'phpmanual');

$js "function() {
    return this.name == 'Joe' || this.age == 50;
}"
;
$cursor $collection->find(array('$where' => $js));
foreach (
$cursor as $doc) {
    
var_dump($doc);
}

?>

以上例程会输出:

array(3) {
  ["_id"]=>
  object(MongoId)#7 (1) {
    ["$id"]=>
    string(24) "4ebc3e3710b89f2349000002"
  }
  ["name"]=>
  string(3) "Joe"
  ["age"]=>
  int(20)
}

Example #4 使用 $in 的 MongoCollection::find() 例子

这个例子演示了使用 $in 操作符来搜索集合。

<?php

$m 
= new MongoClient();
$db $m->selectDB('test');
$collection = new MongoCollection($db'phpmanual');

$cursor $collection->find(array(
    
'name' => array('$in' => array('Joe''Wendy'))
));

?>

以上例程会输出:

array(3) {
  ["_id"]=>
  object(MongoId)#7 (1) {
    ["$id"]=>
    string(24) "4ebc3e3710b89f2349000002"
  }
  ["name"]=>
  string(3) "Joe"
  ["age"]=>
  int(20)
}

Example #5 以数组形式获取结果集

返回 MongoCursor。 常常在开始的时候,人们更习惯使用数组。 使用 iterator_to_array() 将游标转换成一个数组。

<?php

$m 
= new MongoClient();
$db $m->selectDB('test');
$collection = new MongoCollection($db'phpmanual');

$cursor $collection->find();
$array iterator_to_array($cursor);

?>

以上例程会输出:

array(3) {
  ["4ebc40af10b89f5149000000"]=>
  array(2) {
    ["_id"]=>
    object(MongoId)#6 (1) {
      ["$id"]=>
      string(24) "4ebc40af10b89f5149000000"
    }
    ["x"]=>
    int(12)
  }
  ["4ebc40af10b89f5149000001"]=>
  array(2) {
    ["_id"]=>
    object(MongoId)#11 (1) {
      ["$id"]=>
      string(24) "4ebc40af10b89f5149000001"
    }
    ["x"]=>
    int(12)
  }
  ["4ebc40af10b89f5149000002"]=>
  array(3) {
    ["_id"]=>
    object(MongoId)#12 (1) {
      ["$id"]=>
      string(24) "4ebc40af10b89f5149000002"
    }
    ["name"]=>
    string(3) "Joe"
    ["age"]=>
    int(20)
  }
}

使用 iterator_to_array() 会让驱动将强制载入所有搜索结果集到内存,所以对超过内存大小的结果集不要这么做!

同时,有些系统集合不具有 _id 字段。 如果你处理一个可能没有 _id 字段的集合,需要将 FALSE 传入 iterator_to_array() 第二个参数(这样它不会尝试使用不存在的 _id 的值作为数组键)。

参见

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User Contributed Notes 5 notes

up
7
nospam at alexyves dot fr
8 years ago
This will work with versions >=1.5.3, please note that this is just a example of the way to use the or statement.

<?php
  $connection
= new Mongo();

 
$db = $connection->test;
 
$collection = $db->test;
 
// Clean the DB before the test.
 
$collection->drop();
 
$collection = $db->test;

 
$apple = array(
   
'fruit' => 'Apple',
   
'type' => 'Juice',
  );

 
$orange = array(
   
'fruit' => 'Orange',
   
'type' => 'Marmalade',
  );

 
$collection->insert($apple);
 
$collection->insert($orange);

 
// Basic find
 
$results = $collection->find(array('fruit' => 'Apple'));

  foreach(
$results as $result)
  {
    echo
sprintf("Fruit: %s, Type: %s%s", $result['fruit'], $result['type'], PHP_EOL);
  }
?>

Output:

Fruit: Apple, Type: Juice

Now an advanced search with "or" statement.

<?php
 
// Advanced find with "OR" note the double array.
  // if you use double quotes escape the or "\$or"
 
$results = $collection->find( array( '$or' => array( array('fruit' => 'Apple'), array('fruit' => 'Orange') ) ) );

  foreach(
$results as $result)
  {
    echo
sprintf("Fruit: %s, Type: %s%s", $result['fruit'], $result['type'], PHP_EOL);
  }
?>

Output:

Fruit: Apple, Type: Juice
Fruit: Orange, Type: Marmalade
up
7
Nanhe Kumar
5 years ago
<?php
$m
= new MongoClient();
$db = $m->selectDB('school');
$collection = new MongoCollection($db, 'student');
//Find where class=5
$where=array('class'=>5);
$cursor = $collection->find($where);

//Find where class !=5
$where=array('class' => array('$ne'=>5));
$cursor = $collection->find($where);

//Find where age >20
$where=array('age' => array('$gt'=>20));
$cursor = $collection->find($where);

//Find where age >=20
$where=array('age' => array('$gte'=>20));
$cursor = $collection->find($where);

//Find where age <20
$where=array('age' => array('$le'=>20));
$cursor = $collection->find($where);

//Find where age <=20
$where=array('age' => array('$lte'=>20));
$cursor = $collection->find($where);

//Finc where class=10 or marks=80
$where=array( '$or' => array( array(' class' =>10), array('marks'=>80) ) );
$cursor = $collection->find($where);
//Finc where class=12 AND marks=70
$where=array( '$and' => array( array(' class' =>12), array('marks'=>70) ) );
$cursor = $collection->find($where);

?>
up
3
artusdebenque at yahoo dot fr
5 years ago
For the fields parameter, the documentaion says: "The _id field is always returned".
Knowing that mongodb allows you to uncheck the _id field ("the _id field is the only field that you can explicitly exclude"; source: http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/db.collection.find/#db.collection.find), I tried it with php and it works : you can exclude the _id field.

Example : the following fields parameter will exclude the field "_id"

$fields = array('timestamp' => true, 'rank' => true, '_id' => false);
up
2
bronius dot motekaitis at gmail dot com
4 years ago
As the docs specify, '$or' conditions (and similar) get passed right on to MongoDB directly. It appears that to make a simple "field, $or, field" compound query work, all parts must be wrapped as a gigantic $and.
Here's how I got a find(), findOne(), and findAndModify() to obey such a compound $or for matching on fields, one of which is represented in data as either a string or integer:
<?php
  $query
=
    array(
'$and' =>
      array(
        array(
'assessment_id' => $doc->assessment_id),
        array(
'$or' =>
          array(
            array(
'participant_id' => $doc->participant_id),
            array(
'participant_id' => (string)$doc->participant_id),
          ),
        ),
        array(
'measure_id' => $doc->measure_id)
      ),
    );
 
$thedoc = $collection->findOne($query);
  return
$thedoc;
?>
up
-6
vsaurabh dot aec at gmail dot com
2 years ago
example of sort and find

$client = new MongoDB\Client("mongodb://localhost:27017");
$product = $client->db->product;
$filter = [];
$options = ['sort' => ['catid' => 1], 'limit' => 10];
$list = $product->find($filter, $options);

官方地址:https://www.php.net/manual/en/mongocollection.find.php

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