sodium_crypto_pwhash

(PHP 7 >= 7.2.0, PHP 8)

sodium_crypto_pwhash — Derive a key from a password, using Argon2

说明

sodium_crypto_pwhash(
    int $length,
    string $password,
    string $salt,
    int $opslimit,
    int $memlimit,
    int $algo = SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_ALG_DEFAULT
): string

This function provides low-level access to libsodium's crypto_pwhash key derivation function. Unless you have specific reason to use this function, you should use sodium_crypto_pwhash_str() or password_hash() functions instead.

A common reason to use this particular function is to derive the seeds for cryptographic keys from a password and salt, and then use these seeds to generate the actual keys needed for some purpose (e.g. sodium_crypto_sign_detached()).

参数

length: int; The length of the password hash to generate, in bytes.
password: string; The password to generate a hash for.
salt: A salt to add to the password before hashing. The salt should be unpredictable, ideally generated from a good random number source such as random_bytes(), and have a length of at least SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_SALTBYTES bytes.
opslimit: Represents a maximum amount of computations to perform. Raising this number will make the function require more CPU cycles to compute a key. There are some constants available to set the operations limit to appropriate values depending on intended use, in order of strength: SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE, SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_OPSLIMIT_MODERATE and SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE.
memlimit: The maximum amount of RAM that the function will use, in bytes. There are constants to help you choose an appropriate value, in order of size: SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE, SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_MEMLIMIT_MODERATE, and SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE. Typically these should be paired with the matching opslimit values.
algo: int A number indicating the hash algorithm to use. By default SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_ALG_DEFAULT (the currently recommended algorithm, which can change from one version of libsodium to another), or explicitly using SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_ALG_ARGON2ID13, representing the Argon2id algorithm version 1.3.

返回值

Returns the derived key. The return value is a binary string of the hash, not an ASCII-encoded representation, and does not contain additional information about the parameters used to create the hash, so you will need to keep that information if you are ever going to verify the password in future. Use sodium_crypto_pwhash_str() to avoid needing to do all that.

范例

示例 #1 sodium_crypto_pwhash() example


<?php
//Need to keep the salt if we're ever going to be able to check this password
$salt = random_bytes(SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_SALTBYTES);
//Using bin2hex to keep output readable
echo bin2hex(
    sodium_crypto_pwhash(
        16, // == 128 bits
        'password',
        $salt,
        SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
        SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE,
        SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_ALG_ARGON2ID13
    )
);
?>

以上例程的输出类似于：

a18f346ba57992eb7e4ae6abf3fd30ee

add a note

User Contributed Notes 1 note

down

-8

craig at craigfrancis dot co dot uk ¶

2 years ago


When encrypting, you would ideally use a randomly generated key, as that's considerably harder to guess.

For example, sodium_crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_keygen()

But if you need to use a password to encrypt/decrypt, you can use sodium_crypto_pwhash():

<?php

function secrets_encrypt($password, $secret) {

  $config = [
      'size'      => SODIUM_CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_KEYBYTES,
      'salt'      => random_bytes(SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_SALTBYTES),
      'limit_ops' => SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_OPSLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
      'limit_mem' => SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_MEMLIMIT_SENSITIVE,
      'alg'       => SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_ALG_ARGON2ID13,
      'nonce'     => random_bytes(SODIUM_CRYPTO_AEAD_CHACHA20POLY1305_IETF_NPUBBYTES),
    ];

  // $config['limit_ops'] = SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_OPSLIMIT_INTERACTIVE;
  // $config['limit_mem'] = SODIUM_CRYPTO_PWHASH_MEMLIMIT_INTERACTIVE;

  $key = sodium_crypto_pwhash(
      $config['size'],
      $password,
      $config['salt'],
      $config['limit_ops'],
      $config['limit_mem'],
      $config['alg'],
    );

  $encrypted = sodium_crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_encrypt(
      $secret,
      $config['nonce'], // Associated Data
      $config['nonce'],
      $key
    );

  return [
      'config' => array_map('base64_encode', $config),
      'encrypted' => base64_encode($encrypted),
    ];

}

$password = 'YoxPR4QLeZ';
$secret   = 'This-is-my-secret';

$data = secrets_encrypt($password, $secret);

?>

To decrypt with that password, using the same limits:

<?php

function secrets_decrypt($password, $data) {

  $config = array_map('base64_decode', $data['config']);
  $encrypted = base64_decode($data['encrypted']);

  $key = sodium_crypto_pwhash(
      $config['size'],
      $password,
      $config['salt'],
      $config['limit_ops'],
      $config['limit_mem'],
      $config['alg'],
    );

  return sodium_crypto_aead_chacha20poly1305_ietf_decrypt(
      $encrypted,
      $config['nonce'], // Associated Data
      $config['nonce'],
      $key
    );

}

$secret = secrets_decrypt($password, $data);

?>

add a note

官方地址：https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.sodium-crypto-pwhash.php

有任何技术问题请点击这里网站运营推广招聘

IT PHP 编程语言 Linux 开发编程科技 Elasticsearch HTML/CSS/XML 网络 JAVA NoSQL 数据库面试 C/C++ Golang Git 算法操作系统正则表达式 Redis 互联网 MySql JavaScript 运维软件国际架构设计 Mac OS TCP/IP Excel Vim Windows Socket Oracle VR MongoDB Python 运营 MemCache 商业硬件电子娱乐设计 nginx 摄影游戏 WordPress HTTP 团建数码电器

php7 安装fileinfo扩展 preg_split — 通过一个正则表达式分隔字符串 php位值,解决 PHP 中 usort 在值相同时改变原始位置的问题 [PHP] inet_pton/inet_ntop IP地址转换函数 array_multisort() 多字段排序 PHPMailer设置utf8 PHPMailer字符集CharSet ADORecordSet对象 adodb手册 PHP 8.1 [鸟哥]PHP_INT_MIN 和 -9223372036854775808 opcache预加载 Composer的Packagist资源 mysql面试题 [鸟哥]PHP FFI详解 - 一种全新的PHP扩展方式 PHP7添加redis扩展 PHP mkdir()写出来的权限与mode值不符合 Packagist / Composer 中国全量镜像 PHP获取指定函数定义在哪个文件中及行号支持php7的性能采集扩展 adodb连接mysql多个数据库的问题

略微加速

PHP官方手册 - 互联网笔记

sodium_crypto_pwhash

说明

参数

返回值

范例

User Contributed Notes 1 note