CentOS6以下系统(含)使用watchtmp + cron来实现定时清理临时文件的效果,这点在CentOS7发生了变化,在CentOS7下,系统使用systemd管理易变与临时文件,与之相关的系统服务有3个:
systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service :Create Volatile Files and Directories systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service:Create static device nodes in /dev systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service :Cleanup of Temporary Directories
相关的配置文件也有3个地方:
/etc/tmpfiles.d/*.conf /run/tmpfiles.d/*.conf /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/*.conf
/tmp目录的清理规则主要取决于/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tmp.conf文件的设定,默认的配置内容为:
# This file is part of systemd. # # systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it # under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # See tmpfiles.d(5) for details # Clear tmp directories separately, to make them easier to override v /tmp 1777 root root 10d # 清理/tmp下10天前的目录和文件 v /var/tmp 1777 root root 30d # 清理/var/tmp下30天前的目录和文件 # Exclude namespace mountpoints created with PrivateTmp=yes x /tmp/systemd-private-%b-* X /tmp/systemd-private-%b-*/tmp x /var/tmp/systemd-private-%b-* X /var/tmp/systemd-private-%b-*/tmp
我们可以配置这个文件,比如你不想让系统自动清理/tmp下以tomcat开头的目录,那么增加下面这条内容到配置文件中即可:
x /tmp/tomcat.*
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启动systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service:
systemctl start systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service
systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service由systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer管理
[root@sam01 ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer # This file is part of systemd. # # systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it # under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. [Unit] Description=Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories Documentation=man:tmpfiles.d(5) man:systemd-tmpfiles(8) [Timer] OnBootSec=15min OnUnitActiveSec=1d # OnBootSec 表示相对于机器被启动的时间点 # 表示相对于匹配单元(本标签下Unit=指定的单元)最后一次被启动的时间点
上述配置文件表示两种情况会执行该服务
开机15分钟执行服务
距离上次执行该服务1天后执行服务
也可以重启systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer服务
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一、systemd
系统初始化程序,系统开始的第一个进程,pid为1
二、systemctl命令
systemctl list-units ##列出当前系统服务的状态
systemctl list-unit-files ##列出服务的开机状态
systemctl status sshd ##查看指定服务的状态
systemctl stop sshd ##关闭指定服务
systemctl start sshd ##开启指定服务
systemctl restart sshd ##从新启动服务
systemctl enable sshd ##设定指定服务开机开启
systemctl disable sshd ##设定指定服务开机关闭
systemctl reload sshd ##使指定服务从新加载配置
systemctl list-dependencies sshd ##查看指定服务的倚赖关系
systemctl mask sshd ##冻结指定服务
systemctl unmask sshd ##启用服务
systemctl set-default multi-user.target ##开机不开启图形
systemctl set-default graphical.target ##开机启动图形
setterm ##文本界面设定color
三、服务状态
systemctl status 服务名称
loaded ##系统服务已经初始化完成,加载过配置
active(running) ##正有一个或多个程序正在系统中执行, vsftpd就是这种模式
atcive(exited) ##僅執行一次就正常結束的服務, 目前並沒有任何程序在系統中執行
atcive(waiting) ##正在執行當中,不過還再等待其他的事件才能继续处理
inactive ##服务关闭
enbaled ##服务开机启动
disabled ##服务开机不自启
static ##服务开机启动项不可被管理
failed ##系统配置错误
参考:
https://blog.csdn.net/leonnew/article/details/79258453
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42372875/article/details/80554115
http://www.jinbuguo.com/systemd/tmpfiles.d.html
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